市区餐饮娱乐业环境管理浅见

本文从实际出发对市辖区餐饮业这个突出的环境敏感问题，查摆了现象，分析了产生原因，结合现阶段市辖区餐饮业环境管理实际，提出了针对性整改的措施。     

热重法研究煤燃烧添加剂的催化效果

采用热量分析法研究了江西丰城劣质煤燃烧特性和稀土助燃添加剂对该煤的催化燃烧作用效果，比较了劣质煤在加入稀土助燃添加剂前后燃烧峰值温度、燃烧反应活化能、反应级数的变化。结果表明，在劣质煤中加入５％的稀土助燃添加剂后，能显著加快煤燃烧速率，降低燃烧反应活化能，从而产生助燃效果，进一步分析了稀土助燃添加剂的催化作用机理。     

土壤中水溶氟与总氟和土壤PH值的相关分析

使用实测资料，利用数理统计方法分析了土壤中水溶氟与总氟和土壤ＰＨ值三者间的相关关系，提出了在背景地区，土壤水溶氟与总氟、土壤ＰＨ值间无相关性；与土壤ＰＨ值间无相关性的结论。     

铝土矿钪的地球化学特征

论述了贵州下石炭统祥摆组 (黔中九架炉组 )铝土矿钪来源与演化、钪地球化学特征和钪与稀土元素的相关性。铝土矿的稀土模式及某些参数与震旦系南沱组粘土岩和陡山沱组白云岩具一致性表明 ,铝土矿的钪与稀土元素可能来自早期的粘土岩和碳酸盐岩类。最后 ,根据硫同位素组成和Eh -pH图解 ,讨论了铝土矿 (Sc)矿床的形成条件。     

水源热泵空调系统的水质处理技术

针对影响水源热泵系统运行效能的地下水水质和回灌过程中井堵塞的问题,提出相应的水质处理方法和水源热泵用地下水水质参考标准.     

Improve Compliance with Limited Resources by a Three-Group Inspection Regime

Frequent monitoring and relatively high fines are usually necessary to bring about improvements in environmental quality, but more challenging for many countries with limited human, material, and financial resources is to put them into practice. This paper developed a three-group model of a state-dependent enforcement in a repeated game to improve the policy implementation under limited inspection capacities. A certain number of firms are grouped (group 1, group 2, group 3) for different supervision intensity (e.g., the order of inspection probability corresponding to each group is p ₁?<?p ₂?<?p ₃) based on their environmental performance. The optimal policy parameters, such as inspection probability of each group and the probability that a firm found in compliance is moved to a better reputation group, were obtained as the basis for regulator’s policy making. Numerical simulations indicated that the three-group inspection regime can significantly increase compliance rate as compared with static enforcement with the same monitoring probability. Among the number of firms in each group under steady state conditions, group 2 had the most, group 1 was the second, and group 3 had the smallest. Analysis and prediction of a three-group reputation example provided a good experiment for the model. The results give a practical reference for the policy makers with inspection capacity constraints to achieve higher compliance rate.     

基于机器视觉的鱼类行为特征提取与分析

近年来,水污染问题备受关注。生物式水质监测成为目前国家环境保护工作的重要任务之一。为准确监测水质污染情况,本文以青鳉鱼(Oryzias latipes)为研究对象,采用非接触式的机器视觉监测技术,提取青鳉鱼的生理特征(呼吸频率)和运动特征(胸鳍和尾鳍的摆动频率),并分析这些特征与水质之间的关系。本文采用支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)准确提取鱼鳃,并根据鱼鳃呼吸面积大小变化计算出鱼的呼吸频率。基于形态学细化算法提取青鳉鱼骨架,求出胸鳍和尾鳍的摆动频率。结果显示:不同浓度铜离子暴露实验测得的青鳉鱼生理特征和运动特征与实际情况一致;通过对不同铜离子浓度下的毒性实验数据对比,发现了青鳉鱼的生理特征和运动特征会随不同的铜离子浓度发生相应变化,可以作为水质监测的评价标准。     

Deep learning architecture for air quality predictions

With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, many developing countries are suffering from heavy air pollution. Governments and citizens have expressed increasing concern regarding air pollution because it affects human health and sustainable development worldwide. Current air quality prediction methods mainly use shallow models; however, these methods produce unsatisfactory results, which inspired us to investigate methods of predicting air quality based on deep architecture models. In this paper, a novel spatiotemporal deep learning (STDL)-based air quality prediction method that inherently considers spatial and temporal correlations is proposed. A stacked autoencoder (SAE) model is used to extract inherent air quality features, and it is trained in a greedy layer-wise manner. Compared with traditional time series prediction models, our model can predict the air quality of all stations simultaneously and shows the temporal stability in all seasons. Moreover, a comparison with the spatiotemporal artificial neural network (STANN), auto regression moving average (ARMA), and support vector regression (SVR) models demonstrates that the proposed method of performing air quality predictions has a superior performance.     

PbO_2复合电极预处理甲苯二胺废水

通过涂覆—热分解法与电沉积法制备了β-PbO_2/α-PbO_2/SnO_2-Sb2O3/Ti复合电极(PbO_2复合电极),采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、循环伏安法(CV)、线性极化法(LSV)和加速寿命试验对电极进行表征。将PbO_2复合电极用于处理甲苯二胺(TDA)废水,考察了电解质浓度、电流密度对TDA降解效果的影响。实验结果表明:α-PbO_2呈梭状,β-PbO_2呈花菜状,多层结构的PbO_2电极利于提高电极的稳定性和活性;PbO_2复合电极的析氧电位(1.9 V)明显高于TDA的氧化电位(1.28 V),其使用寿命长达486 d;在电流密度为60 m A/cm2、Na2SO4质量浓度为10 g/L、电解时间为240 min的条件下,对COD为4 791.74 mg/L、TDA质量浓度为486.4mg/L的废水进行处理,TDA去除率高达97.3%,COD去除率可达88.1%。     

UV/Fenton技术处理某工厂高浓度乳化油废水

研究了UV/Fenton技术对高浓度金属清洗乳化油废水的处理效果,考察了亚铁与双氧水浓度、pH、反应时间和搅拌对COD去除效果的影响。实验结果表明,UV/Fenton技术对高浓度乳化油废水(COD平均浓度为35 000 mg/L)具有较高的去除效果,最佳工艺条件为:亚铁与双氧水浓度分别为2 400 mg/L和6 000 mg/L,pH为3,经过2 h反应,COD可降低至1 050 mg/L,去除率为97%。搅拌会降低COD的去除率。研究表明,UV/Fenton技术对高浓度乳化油废水具有很好的降解效果,且药品消耗较低,为目前此类高浓度有机废水的处理提供了技术参考。